UN secretary-general Antonio Guterres urged countries not to lose hope in the fight against climate change, as representatives from nearly 200 countries gathered in Madrid for a two-week meeting on tackling global warming.
In his opening speech to delegates, Guterres cited recent scientific data showing that levels of heat-trapping gases have hit a record high, reaching levels not seen for at least three million years when sea levels were 10-20 metres higher than today.
Unless emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are sharply cut, temperatures could rise to twice the threshold set in the 2015 Paris accord by the end of the century, he warned.
In several regions of the world, coal power plants continue to be built in large numbers. Either we stop this addiction to coal or all our efforts to tackle the climate crisis will be doomed.
We need ambitious #ClimateAction now.
My remarks at #COP25: https://t.co/OlQxOD7dEJ pic.twitter.com/XyC2kyUjcg
— António Guterres (@antonioguterres) December 2, 2019
“Do we really want to be remembered as the generation that buried its head in the sand, that fiddled while the planet burned?” Guterres asked.
His appeal came after Chile’s environment minister, Carolina Schmidt, said the December meeting needs to lay the groundwork for moving toward carbon-neutral economies while being sensitive to the poorest and those most vulnerable to rising temperatures, something that policymakers have termed “just transition”.
“Those who don’t want to see it will be on the wrong side of history,” said Schmidt, who is chairing the meeting.
She called on governments to make more ambitious pledges to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases ahead of a deadline to do so next year.
The summit, which moved to the Spanish capital after Chile had to pull out amid anti-government protests, aims to put the finishing touches to the rules governing the 2015 Paris accord.
That involves creating a functioning international emissions-trading system and compensating poor countries for losses they suffer from rising sea levels and other consequences of climate change.
“We have a common challenge but with differentiated needs and urgencies, which we can only overcome if we work together,” said Schmidt.
Countries agreed in Paris four years ago to limit global warming to well below 2C (3.6 Fahrenheit), ideally 1.5C (2.7F) by the end of the century compared with pre-industrial times.
Already, average temperatures have increased by about 1C, leaving little room for the more ambitious target to be met.
Guterres called out big greenhouse gas emitters that are still building coal-fired power plants, saying that unless the world stops burning coal “all our efforts to tackle climate change will be doomed.”
He noted that had countries started cutting their emissions drastically a decade ago, reaching the Paris goal would have been much easier.
“Ten years ago, if countries had acted on the science, they would have needed to reduce emissions by 3.3% each year,” he said.
“Today, we need to reduce emissions by 7.6% each year.”
“The impact on all life on the planet, including ours, would be catastrophic,” he added.
To address the climate emergency, we need a rapid & deep change in how we do business, how we generate power, how we build cities, how we move and how we feed the world.
If we don’t urgently change our way of life, we jeopardize life itself. #COP25 pic.twitter.com/S5eRCCXoEa
— António Guterres (@antonioguterres) December 2, 2019
“The only solution is rapid, ambitious, transformative action by all — governments, regions, cities, businesses and civil society, all working toward a common goal.”
In contrast to the European Union, which sent its newly sworn-in executive leadership team to the summit, the rest of the world’s largest carbon emitters, the United States, China and India, have sent lower-level ministers and officials.
The US sent a delegation, led by Ambassador Marcia Bernicat, a senior State Department official, even though president Donald Trump has formally begun the process of pulling the country out of the Paris accord.
However, that won’t be technically completed until 4 November 2020.
But Democratic members of Congress led by House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said the nation remains committed to the 2015 agreement’s goals and that climate change poses a threat to public health, the economy and national security.
In an interview with the Associated Press, the UN chief said he hoped that stricter goals in Europe would allow EU leaders to convince fellow big polluters “to understand that this must be a collective effort and that they all will have to correct their policies in order to drastically be able to reduce the emissions”.
